Bitumen is a sticky, black, and highly viscous material that is a byproduct of crude oil refining. It is commonly referred to as asphalt or asphalt binder. Bitumen is composed of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons, including aromatic compounds and high-molecular-weight aliphatic compounds.

Bitumen has numerous applications, with its primary use being in road construction and paving. It is the key component of asphalt concrete, which is used to build roads, highways, airport runways, and other surfaces requiring durable and weather-resistant paving materials. Bitumen provides strength, durability, and water resistance to the asphalt mixture.

In addition to road construction, bitumen is used in various industries and applications. It serves as a waterproofing agent and is used in the production of roofing materials, such as roofing felt and shingles. Bitumen also finds applications in the manufacturing of adhesives, sealants, corrosion-resistant coatings, and in the insulation industry.

There are different types of bitumen available, ranging from harder types used in high-traffic roadways to softer types used in cold climates. The properties of bitumen can be modified by adding polymers or other additives to enhance specific characteristics, such as elasticity, resistance to rutting, or improved performance at high temperatures.

Overall, bitumen is a versatile and vital material in the construction and infrastructure industry, providing durable and reliable surfacing solutions.